The MV Aquarius used to be a German Coast Guard and fisheries protection
vessel that, back then (1977) was christened the Meerkatze. It was
re-christened the Aquarius in 2016, when it was acquired by the NGOs SOS
Méditerranée and Doctors Without Borders as a life-saving rescue vessel used to
save would-be refugees crossing the Mediterranean to Italy from war-torn and
poverty-stricken areas of Africa in unseaworthy vessels that often sink or
capsize killing thousands in recent years.
The Aquarius operated by SOS Méditeranée and Doctors
Wthout Borders
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These desperate voyagers form part of a major flow of mostly African
diaspora feeding the current refugee crisis in Europe. It is clear that this
sort of mass migration has posed a humanitarian dilemma for numerous countries
in Europe and that some, like Germany and France, have stepped up to help
handle the influx, while others have sought to deflect the problem. Mass
migration was, for instance, one of the main considerations behind the Brexit
referendum, which is in the process of ending Britain’s membership in the
European Union. Britain has, like the United States, chosen to see migration as
a national security rather than a humanitarian issue.
Until now, because of its relative proximity to Libya, Italy has been a
main port of entry for Africans seeking asylum. But as of earlier this month,
Italy’s new Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, a law professor who has never held
political office before, has implemented a new rightwing populist government
that is taking a harsh stance on immigration, while stirring anti-European
Union sentiments among his base. His Interior Minister Matteo Salvini has now
begun to turn away rescued asylum-seekers arriving by sea from African and Arab
countries, as well as from places like Bangladesh.
The Lifeline, operated by Mission Lifeline |
As a result, the Aquarius was not permitted to dock in Italy earlier
this month with several hundred rescued migrants on board. It was, instead,
escorted to Spanish waters after the government of Spain offered to permit debarkation
of refugees in Valencia, some 850 nautical miles away. The island nation of
Malta south of Italy is also refusing rescued refugees and another ship, the
Lifeline, operated under a Dutch flag by the German NGO Mission Lifeline, had
to negotiate with the Maltese government to put into port there after the ship
ran into trouble and had to dock for repairs.
In the case of both ships, Italy’s new government has a new take and is
toying with the idea of charging them with human trafficking. The idea is that
if those being rescued knew that there would be no rescue ships to pick them
up, they would no longer put out to sea in inadequate small craft.
This last is an oversimplification of the situation. The reality is that
the drama of desperate refugees setting sail in death-trap vessels operated by
the real human smugglers, who have built a nearly 200-million-dollar a year
business based of human misery, predates the rescue effort, which is a
humanitarian response to, rather than a cause of the current refugee crisis.
Criminalizing such efforts by equating them with trafficking promises to tie
the hands of the NGO’s operating them.
Furthermore, the message hidden behind the flimsy justification which
supposes that if there’s no rescue there will be no migrant issue is a policy
that seeks to curtail help and let the problem sort itself out. In other words,
simply provide no lifeline and let the would-be refugees drown.
French President Emmanuel Macron has said it best: “We are facing a
migration situation that no one can fix alone. If we look at the reality of
things, we cannot just speak of a 'migration crisis.' It is a European
political crisis.” This is certainly true in neighboring Germany, where
Chancellor Angela Merkel’s liberal humanitarian immigration policy could well
cost her a no-confidence vote led by neo-nationalists following her 13 years as
the head of state.
But Macron is right that it is a burgeoning problem that no one can fix
alone, but also one that no one can ignore. It is, moreover, a problem created
over the course of decades to a large extent by many of the Western nations,
including the United States and Britain, that are most adamant about doing
nothing to mitigate the consequences.
If every country in the West were to do its duty and its share, it would
be a problem that could indeed find a solution. But the new far-right is taking
the world in a direction that we thought had ended with World War II and the
later fall of the Berlin Wall. Namely, a return to nationalism, isolationism
and an autistic view of the world, just when what the world needs most is
compassion, empathy and cooperation to solve its pressing humanitarian and
environmental crises.